Digital Literacy as a Catalyst in Consumer Adoption of Digital Healthcare: An Integrated Theoretical Perspective from Malaysia

Abstract

As digital healthcare platforms become increasingly essential in modern health ecosystems, understanding the mechanisms that drive consumer adoption is critical. This study investigates the mediating role of digital literacy in the relationship between perceived value, trust, and convenience, and consumer behaviour in adopting digital healthcare services in Malaysia. The research integrates three established models the Technology Acceptance Model, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, and the Value-Based Adoption Model to develop a unified conceptual framework. A total of 351 valid responses were analysed using structural equation modelling and bootstrapped mediation testing. The findings reveal that digital literacy significantly mediates the influence of all three predictors on consumer behaviour, suggesting that digital competence is not merely a prerequisite but a transformational enabler. The results highlight the necessity of enhancing digital skills, fostering trust, and designing user-centric systems to bridge the digital divide. This study offers both theoretical advancement and practical strategies for healthcare providers, policymakers, and system developers aiming to promote inclusive and widespread adoption of digital healthcare technologies.